HOSPITAL INFECTIONS
Hospital infection is big health problem worldwide the world. 5% of patients in developped countries and 10-15% of patients in undevelopped or developing countries face with this problem. Is everybody who goes to hospital face with this problem? Who are in the risky group? What are the factors which causes hospital infection?
Hospital infection is infection which is seen among patients who line in hospital after 48-72 hours later lining in hospital or within 10 days after being discharged. In fact this shows the quality of hospital. People who have weak immunity system like new born babies, premature babies, cancer and aid patients, old people are face with dead because of hospital infections. Every year 100,000 people were suffered die in USA.
Hospital infection can be developped according to patients. For an example intensive antibiotics taking, taking cancer causing drugs, age of patient are some reasons of this. Infections arise with microorganisms which are spread to the body from different ways. This can be bacteria, viruses, parasite or fungus. If the source is bacteria its ratio of seen is high and its treatment is hard. In hospital infections if patient has resistance to antibiotics, this increases the risk of suffering hospital infection.
There are many kinds of hospital infections but most popular infections are urinary tract infection, surgery scope infection and respiratory infection. The ratio of decedent from the respiratory infection is the highest ratio among other infections. Microorganisms spread to patients from medical materials which microorganism was mixed up, hands of health personnel, mechanical air conditions, aspiration materials which are placed to throat or mouth.
According to investigation of World Health Organisation among 14 countries, in 55 hospitals the search has done and 9% of patients had hospital infection. Hospital infection is also risk for hospital staff. If hospital staff do not show attention to hand cleaning, if there is sterilization problem for medical materials, inadequate number and qualified personnel in the hospital and if the hygienic rules are not obeyed in the hospital the ratio of facing with hospital infection is very high.
It is not possible to abolish hospital infection but it is possible to decrease the ratio of people who face with this problem. Hand washing decrease the ratio of infection 30%. Anti microbial soap is recommended in hospital. Infection watching units are established in some hospitals in order to control the infection.According to datas they control and prevent the spread of infection. And also the education of health staff is important. Staff take education programmes against infections. This is also very important to cope with infections.
In 2012 RFID technology is began to used in Florida. Intelligent wristband is used. This wristband alerts the personnel by vibrancy during hand washing. MicroUSB is used to collect datas and these datas are send to managers of hospitals in order to give information about how the personnels obey the hygenic rules in the hospital. This system has watching and feedback capacity in 24 hours 7 days. If this system is widespread around the world this will decrease the ratio of hospital infections.
RESOURCE: Science and Technic Review, May 2013
